9月7日，在俄罗斯远东城市符拉迪沃斯托克（海参崴）举行的第七届东方经济论坛的第三天，俄罗斯总统普京、中国全国人大常委会委员长栗战书及多国领导人出席论坛并做主旨演讲。在当天的“北极国际合作的东方维度（Eastern Dimension of International Cooperation in the Arctic）”分论坛上，中国人民大学重阳金融研究院执行院长王文发表了主题演讲，并针对部分嘉宾质疑中国北极立场的言论进行驳斥、辩论。人大重阳君将王文院长发言内容及视频集锦进行编辑，分享如下。

中国的北极政策目标是：认识北极、保护北极、利用北极和参与治理北极，维护各国和国际社会在北极的共同利益，推动北极的可持续发展。

   

王文在第七届东方经济论坛“北极国际合作的东方维度”分论坛上的发言集锦，视频时长约1分钟

中国对北极的研究其实是一个后来者。2018年，中国才推出首份北极政策的白皮书。相比于中国对南极、深海、近地空间以外的其他区域研究，中国对北极的观测和研究明显不足，至少比南极晚了差不多20年。

1999年中国派出第一支考察队前往北极，2008年才开始加强对北极地区的社会科学研究。应该说，中国是北极研究与合作的迟到者。目前仍然处于知识积累阶段，要向俄罗斯、美国、挪威等国家学习。

俄罗斯总统普京在第七届东方经济论坛上进行发言

不过，我们认为，北极就像是“煤矿里的金丝雀”。北极气候系统、环境与生态系统具有变化的敏感性和前置性，中国处在北极气候系统下游。如果北极环境遭到破坏，会对中国北方气候变化具有影响，所以，这些年来中国开始投入到北极海冰的研究，预报那些灾害性的天气。

这些年来，中国的北极研究实力与投资开发能力有较大的提升。比如，北极地区的投资和开发，很大程度上需要在极地冻土环境中进行。中国目前已掌握部分先进而独特的技术。这得益于青藏铁路等基础设施的建设，中国具备在冻土地带进行建筑、道路、管道建设等技术和经验。

王文在第七届东方经济论坛“北极国际合作的东方维度”分论坛上发表主题演讲并参与研讨

再比如说，中国在造船、港口建设上，具有优势地位。比如，在堪察加，疏浚项目就是由中国公司来完成。接下来，中国进一步会加强在冰区船舶设计与建造、导航、船员培训等方面的战略投入，也会增加与北极国家在一些具体项目上的合作。

这些年来，全球气候变暖，北极冰雪融化加速，取道北极，北极航道越来越价值。

在中国看来，北极在战略、经济、科研、环保、航道、资源等方面的价值不断提升，受到国际社会的普遍关注。

此时，中国通过加强对北极议题的对话和交流，切实减少相互猜忌，压缩“中国威胁论”在北极蔓延的空间。这除了有助于消除中国企业和地方进入北极市场的障碍，也可以分散大国外交焦点，丰富和均衡现有大国外交关系。

总之，中国的北极政策目标是：认识北极、保护北极、利用北极和参与治理北极，维护各国和国际社会在北极的共同利益，推动北极的可持续发展。

以下为发言英文版

China's research on the Arctic is actually a latecomer. In 2018, China launched its first white paper on Arctic policy. Compared with China's research on the Antarctic, the deep sea and other regions outside the near earth space, China's observation and Research on the Arctic are obviously insufficient, at least 20 years later than the Antarctic.

In 1999, China sent its first expedition to the Arctic, and in 2008 China begin to strengthen social science research in the Arctic. It should be said that China is a latecomer to Arctic research and cooperation. At present, we are still at the stage of knowledge accumulation, and we should learn from Russia, the United States, Norway and other countries.

However, we think that the Arctic is like a canary in a coal mine. The climate system, environment and ecosystem in the Arctic are sensitive to changes and pre-emptive. China is located in the lower reaches of the Arctic climate system. If the Arctic environment is damaged, it will have an impact on climate change in northern China, so in recent years, China has begun to invest in the research of Arctic sea ice and forecast those disastrous weather.

In recent years, China's Arctic research strength and investment and development capacity have been greatly improved. For example, investment and development in the Arctic region need to be carried out in the polar permafrost environment to a great extent. China has mastered some advanced and unique technologies, because of the construction of infrastructure such as the Qinghai Tibet railway, China has the technology and experience to construct buildings, roads and pipelines in permafrost regions.

For example, China has an advantageous position in shipbuilding and port construction. For example, in Kamchatka, dredging projects are completed by Chinese companies. Next, China will further strengthen strategic investment in the design and construction of ships in the ice zone, navigation, crew training and other aspects, and will also increase cooperation with Arctic countries on some specific projects.

In recent years, global warming has accelerated the melting of ice and snow in the Arctic, and the Arctic passage has become more and more valuable.

In China's view, the value of the Arctic in strategy, economy, scientific research, environmental protection, navigation channels, resources and other aspects has been constantly improving, which has attracted universal attention from the international community.

At this time, by strengthening dialogue and exchanges on Arctic issues, China has actually reduced mutual suspicion and compressed the space for the "China Threat Theory" to spread in the Arctic. This will not only help remove the barriers for Chinese enterprises and local governments to enter the Arctic market, but also distract the diplomatic focus of major powers and enrich and balance the existing diplomatic relations between major powers.

In short, the objectives of China's Arctic policy are to understand, protect, utilize and participate in the governance of the Arctic, safeguard the common interests of all countries and the international community in the Arctic, and promote sustainable development in the Arctic.

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