The third China-Latin American and Caribbean States Roundtable on Human Rights successfully held in Peru

Source: China Daily

Update: Sep 16th, 2026  9:41 PM

On September 15, 2026 local time, the Third China-Latin American and Caribbean States Roundtable on Human Rights, themed "Multilateralism and Human Rights", was successfully held in Lima, Peru. It was co-hosted by the China Society for Human Rights Studies (CSHRS), Renmin University of China (RUC), and the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, and organized by the Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at Renmin University of China (RDCY) the Instituto Peruano de Estudios de Política Internacional, and the School of Global Leadership, Renmin University of China (SGL).

Nearly 200 participants, including senior officials, experts, scholars, and representatives from relevant civil society organizations, media outlets, and think tanks from China and Latin American and Caribbean countries, gathered to discuss the future of global human rights governance. More than 50 Chinese and international media outlets attended and covered the event, including People's Daily, Xinhua News Agency, China Media Group (CMG), Guangming Daily, China Daily, China News Service, Global Times, as well as Peru's Andina News Agency, El Peruano, TV Perú, La República, Expreso, Latina Televisión, RPP Noticias, América Televisión, ATV, teleSUR of Venezuela, Página 12 of Argentina, El Poder Popular of Honduras, and Descubriendo China of Chile.

Jeri Ramón, Rector of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, presided over the opening ceremony. Ma Huaide, Vice President of the China Society for Human Rights Studies (CSHRS) and President of Renmin University of China (RUC), Gustavo Pacheco, Founding President of the Instituto Peruano de Estudios de Política Internacional, and Song Yang, Chinese Ambassador to Peru, delivered speeches at the opening ceremony.

Ma Huaide stated that human rights embody humanity's yearning for life, value, and dignity, and the full enjoyment of human rights by all is a great dream of human society. Currently, global human rights governance faces severe deficits and challenges, as certain countries resort to armed intervention and unilateral sanctions at will to maintain power and hegemony. Practicing genuine multilateralism and reforming and improving global human rights governance have become the common aspiration of developing countries. As a key institution of higher education in humanities and social sciences in China, Renmin University of China (RUC) attaches great importance to international human rights governance, striving to build an independent knowledge system of human rights and deepen international exchanges and cooperation. The China-Latin American and Caribbean States Roundtable on Human Rights is a flagship event in human rights cooperation between the two sides; themed "Multilateralism and Human Rights," this year's roundtable aims to break through geopolitical impasses and promote a more just and equitable global human rights governance system. As Shuowen Jiezi states, "Human beings are the most precious among the nature of heaven and earth," which represents both the historical roots of China's human rights cause and the Eastern wisdom contributed to global human rights civilization. Moving forward, Renmin University of China (RUC) is willing to work with all parties to explore the intellectual resources within China‑Latin America and Caribbean States civilizations regarding respecting and developing human potential, effectively tell the human rights stories of developing countries, and build a better future for humanity based on the shared stance of the "Global South."

Gustavo Pacheco highlighted China's practice of lifting hundreds of millions of people out of poverty and eradicating extreme poverty, emphasizing that this achievement deserves greater recognition from the international community. He stressed that the right to life is the primary human right and that war and armed conflict directly deprive people of life; the Alliance of Civilizations advocates abandoning weapons of war and pursuing peace and a shared future, carrying forward the spirit of the ancient land and maritime Silk Roads. The Belt and Road Initiative proposed in 2013 has facilitated Peru's integration into this cooperation framework, advanced infrastructure projects such as the transcontinental railway, and opened up global connectivity corridors. Meanwhile, he noted that in modern society, human rights also encompass the right to access science, technology, and new digital innovations. Human rights in the realm of science and technology are also integral human rights. China contributes approximately 40% of the world's artificial intelligence output, exports technical training, and promotes technology for all. The Global AI Governance Initiative proposed by China is advancing this process and will create a space for a shared future.

Song Yang stated that although China‑Latin America and Caribbean States are separated by vast oceans, they share the common pursuit of enhancing people's well-being and seeking development and progress; both sides explore human rights development paths based on their national conditions and have accumulated rich practical experience in safeguarding the rights to subsistence and development. Drawing on his years of diplomatic experience in Latin America, he shared three key reflections: security is the most fundamental aspect of people's livelihood and the most universally beneficial human right; China has solidified the foundation of human rights protection through poverty alleviation and technology-empowered public security, and is ready to work with Latin America to translate technology into a force for security. First, development must be prioritized; the "five major projects" of the China‑Latin America and Caribbean States community with a shared future continue to unleash cooperation dividends, and the Port of Chancay project has created numerous local jobs, consolidating human rights protection with tangible development outcomes. Second, human rights protection lies in concrete actions; in the face of disaster risks posed by El Niño, China has assisted in building and upgrading the National Emergency Operations Center of Peru to enhance disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities. Third, China is promoting the establishment of the World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organization and deploying the Mazu disaster early warning AI foundation model to help the Global South bridge the technological divide.

Subsequently, the conference witnessed the launch of the China-Latin America and Caribbean States Human Rights Academic Research 2026-2030 Action Plan, the establishment of the Expert Committee of the China‑Latin America and Caribbean States on Human Rights Research and Cooperation Network with certificates presented to newly appointed members, and the release of the 2026-2027 Annual Joint Research Projects of the China‑Latin America and Caribbean States on Human Rights Research and Cooperation Network; RDCY signed cooperation agreements on-site with the Institute of International Governance and Politics of Peru, the Institute of Social Research of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, and the Metropolitan University for Education and Work of Argentina. Wang Wen, Executive Dean of Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at Renmin University of China (RDCY), Dean of the School of Global Leadership, Renmin University of China (SGL), and Professor, presided over the launch and signing ceremony.

The launch of the three initiatives marks a new stage in China‑Latin America and Caribbean States human rights cooperation, providing an important platform for deepening bilateral exchanges and collaboration, and establishing a comprehensive cooperation chain spanning talent training, academic research, and institutional safeguards in an interconnected and coordinated manner. Through the implementation of these plans, China‑Latin America and Caribbean States will jointly explore new pathways for human rights protection, share development experience, promote mutual learning of concepts, and inject cultural and intellectual momentum into building a community with a shared future for mankind.

During the keynote speech session, keynote speeches were delivered successively by Eduardo Arana Ysa, former Prime Minister of Peru; Izabella Teixeira, former Minister of the Environment of Brazil; Kerryann Ifill, Human Rights Commissioner and former President of the Senate of Barbados; Zhu Yuanqing, Deputy Dean of the Human Rights Institute of Southwest University of Political Science and Law; Jason Guillén Flores, Deputy General Manager of COSCO SHIPPING Ports Chancay PERU S.A.; Juan de Dios Eduardo Parra Sepúlveda, Secretary General of the Latin American Association for Human Rights; Victoria Donda, Member of the Citizenship and Human Rights Commission of MERCOSUR Parliament (Argentina); Jaqueline Campos Rincón, Secretary General of the Land Restitution Unit of Colombia; Li Haiping, Deputy Dean of the Institute for Human Rights of Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Margarita Emelina Valle Camino, Official of the General Directorate of Multilateral Affairs and International Law of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cuba (Ambassador rank); María Eugenia Vidal, National Director of Culture of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Uruguay; Aneil Persaud, Senior Research Officer at the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs and Governance of Guyana and Coordinator for the International Human Rights Certificate Programme; Tian Feilong, Deputy Dean of the Law School of Minzu University of China; Kieron O'Brien, Legal Counsel in the Legal Department of the Office of the Attorney General of the Bahamas; Ginette Gadjradj, Official of the Treaties and Legal Affairs Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Suriname; and Erkin Shamshak, Professor and Deputy Dean of the Law School of Xinjiang University.

Eduardo Arana Ysa stated that the right to development is a vital human right for countries of the Global South; without adequate food, clothing, and housing, freedom and dignity are out of the question. While human rights are universal, national development paths vary according to distinct historical, cultural, and national conditions, and China's poverty alleviation practice corroborates the primary value of the rights to subsistence and development. He pointed out that the artificial intelligence era presents new questions for the right to development, and efforts must be made to prevent technology from further widening the North-South divide. Latin America should uphold sovereign autonomy, avoid falling into the trap of taking sides among major powers, cultivate its own capabilities through extensive international cooperation, and practice genuine multilateralism to manage differences through dialogue and ensure that the technological revolution benefits all people.

Izabella Teixeira noted that the climate crisis is a present reality rather than a future issue; extreme events driven by rising temperatures threaten civil rights and the foundations of human rights, with regions bearing less historical responsibility for emissions facing the most severe climate consequences. Latin America is endowed with strategic resources such as food, water, and critical minerals, and this natural endowment should serve as the cornerstone for enhancing the region's soft power and international voice. Faced with an external environment characterized by intensifying major-power competition, Latin America urgently needs to forge consensus, advance a socially inclusive green economic transition, and strengthen regional resilience. The region must move beyond a mindset of reactive crisis response and, through solidarity-driven international cooperation, provide localized solutions for global climate governance.

Kerryann Ifill stated that rebuilding the multilateral system requires closely integrating human rights with domestic and sustainable development; she called for establishing joint international collaboration mechanisms targeting vulnerable groups—such as persons with disabilities, the elderly, children, and impoverished populations—as well as practical fields including the judiciary, environmental protection, geological disaster emergency response, and education. Barbados has adopted 14 recommendations under the Paris Principles, introduced its first human rights legislation in 2025, and continues to advance institutional capacity-building. Multilateralism must not only set human rights standards but also empower nations to implement them effectively, drawing on the technical assistance models of the OHCHR and the International Red Cross. China‑Latin America and Caribbean States human rights cooperation serves as an important platform to carry out personnel training and exchanges, strengthen national human rights institutions in accordance with the Paris Principles, and respect the sovereign choice of each country to pursue a human rights development path suited to its national conditions.

Zhu Yuanqing pointed out that with the rise of unilateralism and the politicization and instrumentalization of human rights, the predicament of global human rights governance has become increasingly acute. He elaborated on the dialectical unity between sovereignty and human rights, emphasizing that sovereignty is the fundamental guarantee of human rights, while human rights represent the ultimate value of sovereignty, and genuine multilateralism serves as the institutional platform for balancing both. He criticized malpractices such as double standards in human rights, the neglect of the right to development, and the forced export of a single model, advocating adherence to the UN Charter, respect for the diversity of national human rights development paths, commitment to promoting human rights through development, and the rejection of bloc confrontation. Rooted in its own practices, China actively participates in global human rights governance, advocates the common values of all humanity, and works to promote the building of a more just and equitable global human rights governance system.

Jason Guillén Flores stated that the Port of Chancay, as a brand-new logistics hub on the west coast of South America, is dedicated to setting a benchmark for green smart port; the port has achieved full electrification of its equipment, utilizes a digital twin platform to monitor and manage energy consumption and emissions, has obtained Peru's One-Star Carbon Footprint Certification, and has established a comprehensive environmental management system. The project places high emphasis on cultivating local talent, with more than half of its current workforce coming from the Chancay and Huaral regions, and conducts extensive hands-on technical training. The project has invested a cumulative total of approximately US$35 million in social initiatives, benefiting over 120,000 residents across employment, education, healthcare, and infrastructure. While expanding Asia-Latin America trade networks and shortening maritime transit times, the project integrates social responsibility and human rights considerations, driving the shared progress of local communities through port development.

Juan de Dios Eduardo Parra Sepúlveda stated that while the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights established an individual-centered human rights narrative, the international human rights system has never been a static monument. China's contribution lies in shifting the focus of human rights discourse toward "human rights" centered on collective survival, the right to development, and sovereign equality. The core logic is that the rights to subsistence and development are the primary basic human rights, and states must realize human rights based on their national conditions; without guarantees of food, housing, and basic security, formal freedoms become meaningless. Consequently, the right to life is endowed with richer connotations, where education, health, housing, food, transportation, and security are indispensable, and the responsibility to realize human rights is shared by the entire international community. It is precisely through this transformation that countries of the Global South have evolved from mere bystanders of the order into its co-authors—those who hold the discourse hold the power of definition.

Victoria Donda noted that the UN Human Rights Council suffers from several structural shortcomings, including an overemphasis on civil and political rights, a seat allocation for Southern nations that fails to reflect population size, and the lack of a standing investigative body addressing systemic violations of economic, social, and cultural rights. She proposed expanding the UN Human Rights Council to 57 seats with new seats favoring the Global South, improving the Universal Periodic Review mechanism, and incorporating the harmful impacts of unilateral coercive measures into evaluations. She also recommended establishing a standing committee on decent living conditions and reforming funding sources to reduce reliance on earmarked voluntary contributions, thereby shaking off capital and geopolitical interference and fostering more equitable and pragmatic multilateral human rights governance.

Jaqueline Campos Rincón stated that consolidating human rights is not a linear process, as it is intertwined with politics and competition over natural resources. Colombia is currently confronting pressures from mineral competition, threats to Amazonian biodiversity, illicit economies, and climate vulnerability, all of which impact the peace process. Furthermore, geopolitical realignment poses challenges to the sovereignty of Latin American nations, with the weakening of multilateralism being one of the principal hurdles. She also emphasized that the right of peasants to land restitution is a critical agenda item; protecting peasant territories is a direct manifestation of human rights that concerns life and community economies, with food sovereignty and water protection being central dimensions, calling for Latin America to urgently re-plan socioeconomic opportunities.

Li Haiping analyzed and compared the similarities and differences in the protection of social rights between China‑Latin America and Caribbean States. He stated that China‑Latin America and Caribbean States share the common value of prioritizing the right to development, reject viewing economic, social, and cultural rights as secondary rights, and advocate exploring human rights implementation pathways in light of national conditions. China has integrated the protection of social rights into its modernization drive, forging a path of promoting human rights through development; in contrast, neoliberal reforms in Latin America curtailed social welfare, ultimately constraining socioeconomic development. There is ample room for mutual learning: China can draw on Latin America's experiences in social security systems and pension reforms, while Latin America can learn from China's systematic poverty alleviation practices. His study posited that there is no single optimal model for safeguarding social rights; developmental justice represents an independent human rights discourse forged by the Global South through practice, enriching the connotation of international human rights.

Margarita Emelina Valle Camino stated that the United Nations has long been embroiled in an unresolved debate over its two pillars—human rights and development—giving rise to two opposing stances in the international community: Western countries prioritize human rights from a Eurocentric perspective, disregarding the historical, cultural, and economic realities of other nations, whereas some developing countries adopt a defensive posture by prioritizing development, thereby generating a false dichotomy of "human rights versus development" and fostering a zero-sum logic in multilateral negotiations. Although the 1993 Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action affirmed that the two are interdependent and mutually reinforcing, the politicization of human rights, double standards, and unilateral coercive measures continue to undermine mutual trust. Across multiple UN reform processes, resources for human rights bodies have been augmented, while the development pillar faces the risk of reduction. She maintained that human rights and development are two sides of the same coin; developed countries must abandon unilateral manipulation while developing countries advance human rights based on their national conditions, and only through a balanced allocation of resources and political attention can the commitments of the international community be fulfilled.

María Eugenia Vidal stated that human rights are products of historical construction and that cultural rights are an essential component of human rights; culture encompasses ways of life, language, indigenous knowledge, and worldviews, making individuals active cultural agents. She noted that the concept of development has transcended mere economic growth, with culture being an intrinsic element in building human capabilities. Multiple inequalities—social, racial, and geographic—hinder the realization of rights; moreover, digital platforms and algorithms are shaping public perceptions across borders, making cultural rights inseparable from governance, participation, and national sovereignty. She advocated conducting international cultural cooperation based on reciprocity and respect for each country's autonomous choices, advancing the realization of human rights through multilateralism. Vast potential exists for civilizational exchanges and cooperation between China‑Latin America and Caribbean States, and this roundtable provides a crucial platform for all parties to exchange experience and build consensus.

Aneil Persaud stated that amid a complex international environment characterized by intertwined geopolitical conflicts, climate change, and technological transformations, multilateralism is of paramount significance to developing countries, and partnership cooperation does not require complete uniformity in development models. He emphasized that development and human rights are inseparable; concrete investments in infrastructure, education, healthcare, and digital networks transform human rights from abstract treaties into tangible, real-world benefits for the people. Guyana pursues a nationally coordinated path to human rights governance, advancing indigenous land titling, channeling carbon revenue returning to communities, establishing cross-sectoral mechanisms to fulfill human rights obligations, and conducting indigenous human rights capacity-building training. The realization of human rights is an ongoing process; each country should explore its own path based on national conditions, share practical experience through dialogue and mutual learning, and work together to ensure that no one is left behind.

Tian Feilong stated that Neo-Monroeism is a regional hegemonic strategy of the United States that undermines the sovereignty and right to development of Latin American countries through sanctions, intervention, and long-arm jurisdiction, thereby creating humanitarian crises. Latin America should neither subordinate itself to hegemony nor confine itself to narrow nationalism; instead, it should stand firmly with the Global South and take the common values of all humanity as the normative foundation for the right to development. Human rights bear an anti-hegemonic mission under international law, and building a China‑Latin America and Caribbean States community with a shared future represents a critical practice in breaking through hegemonic intervention. Drawing on the four global initiatives—Development, Security, Civilization, and Governance—and upholding equality and mutual learning among civilizations, China‑Latin America and Caribbean States can join hands to explore a new paradigm of autonomous human rights governance and advance a more just and equitable global human rights governance order.

Kieron O'Brien noted that South-South cooperation between China‑Latin America and Caribbean States has made substantial progress, and climate change represents an existential human rights crisis for Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Citing the 2025 Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice, he pointed out that damage to the climate system undermines numerous human rights, including the rights to life, health, and an adequate standard of living. Although Caribbean nations like the Bahamas contribute negligibly to global greenhouse gas emissions, they directly confront severe threats such as sea-level rise and intensifying hurricanes, which continually jeopardize their people's rights to subsistence and development. He called for moving beyond rhetoric to substantive cooperation and taking concrete actions in areas such as renewable energy, coastal protection, disaster resilience, and the blue economy, emphasizing that aiding climate-vulnerable nations is not an act of charity, but an international obligation to protect the human rights of vulnerable groups, and all parties must act immediately so as not to deprive future generations of their human rights.

Ginette Gadjradj stated that the legacies of colonialism continue to affect the human rights development of Global South countries, with the land and cultural rights of indigenous and Afro-descendant populations facing enduring challenges. She emphasized that human rights cannot be divorced from local ecosystems and community traditions, noting that protecting biodiversity and securing indigenous land rights are, in themselves, vital human rights practices. She advocated practicing genuine multilateralism and opposed the instrumentalization of human rights. Through South-South cooperation, China‑Latin America and Caribbean States can exchange localized experiences in human rights governance and, while respecting each nation's history and culture, advance the reform of the international human rights system to ensure the voices of the Global South are fully heard and build a more inclusive and equitable global human rights governance architecture.

Erkin Shamshak shared Xinjiang's human rights practices in poverty alleviation. He stated that Xinjiang has achieved a historic resolution to absolute poverty, lifting all 3,064,900 rural impoverished residents out of poverty, markedly improving living, healthcare, and educational conditions, and substantially raising rural residents' incomes and life expectancy. The region adheres to promoting human rights through development, channeling substantial fiscal resources into public well-being and translating human rights protections to individuals through targeted poverty alleviation. Leveraging institutional strengths and pairing-assistance programs for Xinjiang, the approach shifted from relief-based assistance ("blood transfusion") to capacity-building ("hematopoiesis"), strengthening support for industries and employment. People of all ethnic groups united to build and share development outcomes while firmly guarding against any large-scale relapse into poverty. The practice in Xinjiang proves that by upholding a people-centered approach, human rights can be transformed from abstract concepts into tangible realities, providing a valuable reference for poverty reduction and human rights development in other developing countries.

Subsequently, the meeting proceeded to a thematic roundtable dialogue on "Excerpts from Xi Jinping's Discourse on Respecting and Protecting Human Rights." Participants in the dialogue included Raúl Chanamé Orbe, former President of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Professor Emeritus at the National University of San Marcos, and Professor at the Instituto Peruano de Estudios de Política Internacional; Wang Xigen, Dean of the Law School and Dean of the Institute for Human Rights and Law at Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Luis González, Professor at the Political Science at Autonomous University of Santo Domingo (UASD), Dominican Republic; Abdiel Rodríguez Reyes, Professor in the Faculty of Humanities at the Universidad de Panamá; Miguel Humberto Muriel, Full Professor at the National Institute of Higher Studies of Ecuador; José Octavio Llopis Hernández, Professor in the Department of Sociology at the National Autonomous University of Honduras; and Chen Yiming, Bureau Chief of the Latin America Hub of People's Daily. The dialogue was moderated by Wang Wen, Executive Dean of Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at Renmin University of China (RDCY), Dean of the School of Global Leadership, Renmin University of China (SGL), and Professor.

Raúl Chanamé Orbe stated that recognizing human rights at the legal level does not equate to their effective exercise. A lack of material conditions severely restricts the realization of civil and political rights. China's practice demonstrates that in societies with fragile material foundations, prioritizing the protection of second-generation rights—economic, social, and cultural rights—solidifies the real capabilities of the people. Latin America does not need to mechanically replicate the Chinese model, but it should draw on its experience: human rights policies should be integrated with development policies, leveraging state capacity to improve people's material lives and translating statutory rights into substantive realities.

Wang Xigen summarized the contributions of General Secretary Xi Jinping's human rights theories to the China‑Latin America and Caribbean States human rights cause into "four dimensions." First, mainstreaming: pioneering the proposition that the rights to subsistence and development are the primary basic human rights and emphasizing that development is the master key to solving all problems; second, modernization: shifting from investing in physical infrastructure to investing in human capital; third, human-centeredness: upholding a people-centered approach, where a happy life for the people is the greatest human right; and fourth, regionalization: advancing the realization of the right to development for all parties by building a China‑Latin America and Caribbean States community with a shared future.

Luis González stated that China's human rights perspective is rooted in its own history, culture, and national conditions, providing a unique theoretical lens for China‑Latin America and Caribbean States human rights dialogue that emphasizes sovereignty, development, and collective harmony. It holds that the rights to subsistence and development are the most fundamental human rights; therefore, throughout its human rights dialogue with Latin American countries, China consistently regards socioeconomic development as the cornerstone of human rights protection, advancing human rights realization through collaborative partnerships and building a more inclusive and diverse global human rights discourse.

Abdiel Rodríguez Reyes noted that rights on paper require material conditions to materialize, and legal recognition alone is insufficient to guarantee human rights. China's practice proves that eradicating poverty is the starting point, not the destination, of human rights protection. After eradicating absolute poverty, it is essential to continually improve the quality of people's livelihoods, enhance employment, social security, and healthcare, and advance toward common prosperity. While countries should not simply duplicate China's model, they should draw on its approach to meeting people's actual needs, as this is the only way to transform formal human rights into genuine, enjoyable entitlements.

Drawing on his more than 20 years of personal visits to China, Miguel Humberto Muriel stated that China has achieved an internationally acclaimed development miracle, where citizens enjoy a sense of security and lead dignified lives. China promotes the shared enjoyment of development outcomes by all people, strives to maintain social fairness and justice, and achieves human rights progress through sustainable policies-approaches that offer valuable lessons for Latin American countries. He regarded China as a pioneering benchmark in the global human rights field and expressed hope for deeper research into China's human rights policy experience to inform Latin America's own development.

José Octavio Llopis Hernández stated that the enormous chasm between existing international human rights norms and people's daily realities stems from detaching human rights from material conditions and leaving them to unregulated market forces. He advocated understanding human rights through the lens of daily life and valuing the role of economic planning in safeguarding human dignity. China‑Latin America and Caribbean States South-South cooperation stems from similar realities within the Global South; both sides should draw upon localized intellectual wisdom to explore pathways of human rights realization that integrate economic development with human dignity.

Chen Yiming stated that a happy life for the people is the greatest human right. Development is the reliable path to realizing human rights, and China‑Latin America and Caribbean States cooperation with no political strings attached genuinely improves local livelihoods. The Global South should strengthen solidarity and cooperation to break the monopoly on human rights discourse. Media outlets should ground their reporting in real stories, build bridges for mutual learning between civilizations, encourage joint participation in constructing human rights narratives, and ensure that human rights development aligns with national conditions and the actual needs of the people.

In the afternoon, the conference held three parallel thematic sub-forums on "Peaceful Development and Human Rights Governance," "China‑Latin America and Caribbean States Practical Cooperation and Human Rights Development," and "Mutual Learning Among China‑Latin America and Caribbean States Human Rights Civilizations," where China‑Latin America and Caribbean States guests engaged in in-depth discussions on relevant topics.

From Rio de Janeiro to São Paulo and now to Lima, the China-Latin American and Caribbean States Roundtable on Human Rights has been successfully held for three consecutive years, with participating countries increasing from 17 to 23, delegates expanding from over 130 to 200, and topics broadening from specific areas to multilateralism and global human rights governance. The launch of the China-Latin America and Caribbean States Human Rights Academic Research 2026-2030 Action Plan, the establishment of the International Expert Committee of the China-Latin American and Caribbean States on Human Rights Research and Cooperation Network, and the release and signing of the 2026-2027 annual joint research projects mark a new stage of pragmatic cooperation characterized by institutionalization, project-based collaboration, and long-term mechanisms. Over the next five years, drawing upon the Action Plan, China‑Latin America and Caribbean States will maintain sustained efforts in cultivating young talent, conducting joint research, and building expert networks to deepen and substantiate bilateral human rights exchanges, inject humanistic momentum into jointly building a China‑Latin America and Caribbean States community with a shared future, and contribute China‑Latin America and Caribbean States wisdom and solutions to the reform of the global human rights governance system.